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Angularjs跨域调用Asp.Net WebAPI

之前写过一篇使用jQuery跨域调用WebAPI的博客《jQuery跨域调用Asp.Net Web API》,但最近使用Angularjs来调用WebAPI发现之前的方法行不通。本文主要介绍解决使用Angularjs调用WebAPI的跨域问题。

环境

  • Angularjs1.4.7
  • Asp.Net WebAPI2
  • IIS:IIS8.0
  • VS:VS2013
  • .Net Framework:4.5

服务端跨域实现

这里的服务端指的是Asp.Net WebAPI,根据最近查过的些资料,大概有三种实现方式:

方式一: 使用《在jQuery跨域调用Asp.Net Web API》一文中介绍的方式;

方式二: 使用自定义的Attribute,代码如下:

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public class CrossSiteAttribute : System.Web.Http.Filters.ActionFilterAttribute
{
private const string Origin = "Origin";
/// <summary>
/// Access-Control-Allow-Origin是HTML5中定义的一种服务器端返回Response header,用来解决资源(比如字体)的跨域权限问题。
/// </summary>
private const string AccessControlAllowOrigin = "Access-Control-Allow-Origin";
/// <summary>
/// originHeaderdefault的值可以使 URL 或 *,如果是 URL 则只会允许来自该 URL 的请求,* 则允许任何域的请求
/// </summary>
private const string originHeaderdefault = "*";
/// <summary>
/// 该方法允许api支持跨域调用
/// </summary>
/// <param name="actionExecutedContext"> 初始化 System.Web.Http.Filters.HttpActionExecutedContext 类的新实例。</param>
public override void OnActionExecuted(HttpActionExecutedContext actionExecutedContext)
{
actionExecutedContext.Response.Headers.Add(AccessControlAllowOrigin, originHeaderdefault);
}
}

方式三: 另一种自定义的Attribute,代码如下:

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public class CorsPolicyProvider : Attribute, ICorsPolicyProvider
{
private CorsPolicy _policy;
public CorsPolicyProvider()
{
// Create a CORS policy.
_policy = new CorsPolicy
{
AllowAnyMethod = true,
AllowAnyHeader = true,
AllowAnyOrigin = true
};

// Magic line right here
_policy.Origins.Add("*");

}

public Task<CorsPolicy> GetCorsPolicyAsync(HttpRequestMessage request,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
return Task.FromResult(_policy);
}
}

如果是普通的js或jQuery跨域调用,服务端进行上面的设置基本就可以了,但在Angularjs中,还是无法成功调用,通常会报下面的错误:

wpid-14520930264098

Angularjs中的设置

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var app = angular.module('app', []);
app.config(['$httpProvider', function ($httpProvider) {
// Use x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Type
$httpProvider.defaults.headers.post['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8';

// Override $http service's default transformRequest
$httpProvider.defaults.transformRequest = [function (data) {
/**
* The workhorse; converts an object to x-www-form-urlencoded serialization.
* @param {Object} obj
* @return {String}
*/
var param = function (obj) {
var query = '';
var name, value, fullSubName, subName, subValue, innerObj, i;

for (name in obj) {
value = obj[name];

if (value instanceof Array) {
for (i = 0; i < value.length; ++i) {
subValue = value[i];
fullSubName = name + '[' + i + ']';
innerObj = {};
innerObj[fullSubName] = subValue;
query += param(innerObj) + '&';
}
}
else if (value instanceof Object) {
for (subName in value) {
subValue = value[subName];
fullSubName = name + '[' + subName + ']';
innerObj = {};
innerObj[fullSubName] = subValue;
query += param(innerObj) + '&';
}
}
else if (value !== undefined && value !== null) {
query += encodeURIComponent(name) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(value) + '&';
}
}

return query.length ? query.substr(0, query.length - 1) : query;
};

return angular.isObject(data) && String(data) !== '[object File]' ? param(data) : data;
}];
}]);

参考

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/742532/Using-Web-API-Individual-User-Account-plus-CORS-En
http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/security/enabling-cross-origin-requests-in-web-api